Effects of different rootstocks on the growth and yield characteristics of Papazkarası (Vitis vinifera L.)

Rootstocks, which are becoming increasingly important in viticulture, influence
the growth, yield, and grape quality of the grafted variety. Therefore,
understanding the resistance characteristics of rootstocks to phylloxera,
nematodes, environmental conditions, and abiotic and biotic stresses is crucial.
Selecting a rootstock that is appropriate for the region where the vineyard will be
established optimizes grape quality. The aim of this research is to determine the
performance of the cv. Papazkarası on different rootstocks. For this purpose, an
experiment was established at Irem Çamlica Viticulture and Winery Co. vineyard
in Kırklareli province. Ten-year-old Papazkarası vines grafted onto 1103P, 110R,
and 420A rootstocks were used as plant material. To determine the growth of the
vines, parameters such as shoot elongation rate (cm/week), shoot length changings
(cm), pruning wood weight (PW) (kg/vine), vigor (g), puissance, number of buds
per square meter (number), balanced pruning buds number (number/vine),
vegetative growth (VG), Ravaz Index (RI), Partridge Index (PI), and yield
(kg/vine) were examined. Additionally, to determine cluster characteristics,
cluster width and length (cm), weight (g), and the volume of gappy and spaceless
clusters (cm³) were measured. The results of the research indicated that the 1103P
rootstock had the lowest yield, puissance, RI, PI, and VG values; moderate values
for PW, vigor, number of shoots, number of berries per cluster, and cluster length;
and the highest values for cluster weight, the volume of gappy and spaceless
clusters. The 110R rootstock was found to be more balanced compared to other
rootstocks, with the highest values for vigor, RI, and PI; average values for yield,
puissance, and VG; and the lowest values for PW, number of shoots, number of
berries per cluster, cluster length, weight, and the volume of gappy and spaceless
clusters. The 420A rootstock had the highest values for yield, PW, VG, number
of shoots, number of berries per cluster, and cluster width and length; average
values for RI, PI, cluster weight, and the volume of gappy and spaceless clusters;
and the lowest value for one-year-old cane weight. In conclusion, based on the
characteristics outlined, a selection can be made from these rootstocks according
to cultivation purposes, but other rootstocks should also be investigated