Published January 1, 2022
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Antiprotozoal activity of different Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacterial secondary metabolites and identification of bioactive compounds using the easyPACId approach
Creators
- 1. Adnan Menderes Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Aydin, Turkey
- 2. Adnan Menderes Univ, Fac Med, Dept Parasitol, Aydin, Turkey
- 3. Max Planck Inst Terr, Microbiol Dept, Nat Prod Organism Interact, Karl Von Frisch Str 10, D-35043 Marburg, Germany
- 4. Adnan Menderes Univ, Aydin Hlth Serv Vocat Sch, TR-09100 Aydin, Turkey
- 5. Adnan Menderes Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, TR-09100 Aydin, Turkey
Description
Natural products have been proven to be important starting points for the development of new drugs. Bacteria in the genera Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus produce antimicrobial compounds as secondary metabolites to compete with other organisms. Our study is the first comprehensive study screening the anti-protozoal activity of supernatants containing secondary metabolites produced by 5 Photorhabdus and 22 Xenorhabdus species against human parasitic protozoa, Acanthamoeba castellanii, Entamoeba histolytica, Trichomonas vaginalis, Leishmania tropica and Trypanosoma cruzi, and the identification of novel bioactive antiprotozoal compounds using the easyPACId approach (easy Promoter Activated Compound Identification) method. Though not in all species, both bacterial genera produce antiprotozoal compounds effective on human pathogenic protozoa. The promoter exchange mutants revealed that antiprotozoal bioactive compounds produced by Xenorhabdus bacteria were fabclavines, xenocoumacins, xenorhabdins and PAX peptides. Among the bacteria assessed, only P. namnaoensis appears to have acquired amoebicidal property which is effective on E. histolytica trophozoites. These discovered antiprotozoal compounds might serve as starting points for the development of alternative and novel pharmaceutical agents against human parasitic protozoa in the future.
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