Prediction of Voltage Sag Relative Location with Data-Driven Algorithms in Distribution Grid

Power quality (PQ) problems, including voltage sag, flicker, and harmonics, are the main concerns for the grid operator. Among these disturbances, voltage sag, which affects the sensitive loads in the interconnected system, is a crucial problem in the transmission and distribution systems. The determination of the voltage sag relative location as a downstream (DS) and upstream (US) is an important issue that should be considered when mitigating the sag problem. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel approach to determine the voltage sag relative location based on voltage sag event records of the power quality monitoring system (PQMS) in the real distribution system. By this method, the relative location of voltage sag is defined by Gaussian naive Bayes (Gaussian NB) and K-nearest neighbors (K-NN) algorithms. The proposed methods are compared with support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural network (ANN). The results indicate that K-NN and Gaussian NB algorithms define the relative location of a voltage sag with 98.75% and 97.34% accuracy, respectively.