A Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Bi-Sectoral Waveguide Horn Antenna for High Power LEOP TT&C Systems

In this study, a dual-band circularly polarized bi-sectoral waveguide antenna is proposed, which is used launch and early orbit phases (LEOP) of telemetry, tracking and command (TT&C) applications of satellite systems to almost cover full space together with omni-directional (toroidal) antennas. The structure consists of four parts (pyramidal horn antennas) each having excited by a single inclined slot being cut over circular waveguide. However, because the overall antenna is only fed with a single rectangular waveguide, it works as transceiver (in TX and RX bands simultaneously). The parts belonging to each band have bi-directional patterns being opposite to each other. Therefore, instead of using four separate antennas each being fed by separate rectangular waveguide to cover both directions in dual band (TX and RX bands) in 3D space, one antenna with just one feed is demonstrated as being sufficient for same purpose. For this purpose, an antenna is designed for a Ku-band TT&C application. The results show that the antenna is dual-band over 500 MHz bandwidth around 11.75 GHz (TX) and 13.75 GHz (RX) center frequencies. The antenna has more than 9.5 dBi peak gain in both main lobes and 15 dB return loss at TX band; and has more than 10 dBi peak gain and 10 dB return loss at RX band. Besides, it has less than 3 dB and 3.5 dB axial ratio (AR) values at TX and RX bands within almost 45 degrees and 60 degrees azimuth and elevation beamwidth values, respectively.