Peptide-Based Bioink Development for Custom-made Bioprinter with Specialized Nozzle Design

Recently, bioprinting is an emerging technology that is widely used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. To obtain a fully functional tissue, all the properties and functions of the desired tissue must be considered and adapted to the material and cell line for the bioprinting procedure. Therefore, the bioink should not only be highly biocompatible to accommodate cells, but also should be suitable for the bioprinting procedure. Hydrogels are ideal candidates for bioinks to create artificial tissue scaffolds due to their reproducibility, tunability, printability, biocompatibility, similarity to the natural extracellular matrix, as well as their optimal framework in which they support cell viability and proliferation. The absence of biological cues on synthetic hydrogels requires the necessity of additional modification to provide efficient cell adhesion, and differentiation. Herein, it is aimed to design a universal biofunctionalized bioink that can be used in every laboratory by optimizing the printability of the bioinks and also to design custom-made nozzle with various diameter. First, YIGSR, which is bioactive laminin derived peptide, used for modification of KLDLKLDLKLDL self-assembled peptide (SAP) with N-terminal addition and polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) with chemically modification and produced as hydrogel bioinks and viscosity was measured. Then, human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC) cells were encapsulated in hydrogels and cell viability analysis was carried out by MTT and Live/Dead analysis for 7 days. Custom-made nozzles with various diameter were produced using glass capillary tubes and flow was analyzed with COMSOL according to the hydrogel viscosity properties and the shape of the nozzles. The results of this study will help the laboratories to produce their own bioinks, the improvement of extrusion-based 3D bioprinting