A novel electrochemical sensor based on magnetic Co3O4 nanoparticles/carbon recycled from waste sponges for sensitive determination of anticancer ruxolitinib

Ruxolitinib (RUX) is an inhibitor of JAK1 and JAK2 tyrosine kinases, which has been used since 2011 as the first chemical agent approved for the treatment of myelofibrosis. The electrode modification materials were synthesized via the green synthesis technique. Functional carbon materials acquired from waste sponges (SC) have been applied as electrode modification agents together with Co3O4 nanoparticles for the first time in the literature. The present study was designed to determine anticancer drug RUX using a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with SC used together with Co3O4 nanoparticles and characterized. The surface chemistry/morphology, chemical structure, and physicochemical properties of the synthesized functional carbon materials obtained from waste sponges were investigated via different characterization techniques. Thus, a green perspective was brought to the researchers' nanosensor and electrode modification studies. The effect of green carbon material and nanoparticles on the electrochemical oxidation process has been clarified. The influence of pH, supporting electrolyte, and scan rate on the electrochemical behavior of RUX was examined on SC-Co3O4 modifed GCE. Under optimal conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) for RUX was obtained as 6.73 nM with calibration curves of 0.08 - 20 mu M by the proposed sensor using adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetry (AdSDPV). The proposed method has been performed to detect the RUX in commercial serum samples and tablets with sufficient accuracy and precision. The developed SC-Co3O4 modified GCE sensor was performed in the existence of some interfering agents.