An Electrochemical Biosensing Platform for the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibody Detection Based on the Functionalised SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antigen Modified Electrode

We developed an electrochemical biosensing platform using gold-clusters, cysteamine, the spike protein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigen and bovine serum albumin on a glassy carbon electrode able to determine the SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody. The developed biosensor could detect 9.3 ag/mL of the SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody in synthetic media in 20 min in a linear range from 0.1 fg/mL to 10.0 pg/mL. The developed method demonstrated good selectivity in the presence of spike antigens from other viruses. Clinical samples consisting of gargle and mouthwash liquids were analyzed with both RT-PCR and the developed biosensor system to reveal the sensitivity and specificity of the proposed method. Moreover, the developed method was compared with the lateral flow immunoassay method in terms of sensitivity.