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Published January 1, 2022 | Version v1
Journal article Open

Development of propolis and essential oils containing oral/throat spray formulation against SARS-CoV-2 infection

Creators

  • 1. TUBITAK Marmara Res Ctr, Life Sci, Gebze, Turkey
  • 2. Altiparmak Gida San & Tic AS, Cekmekoy Istanbul, Turkey
  • 3. Yeditepe Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Toxicol, Atasehir, Turkey
  • 4. Yeditepe Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, Atasehir, Turkey

Description

A broad range of evidence has confirmed that natural products and essential oils might have the potential to suppress COVID-19 infection. Therefore, this study aimed to develop an oral/throat spray formulation for pro-phylactic use in the oral cavity or help treatment modalities. Based on a reference survey, several essential oils, a cold-pressed oil, and propolis were selected, and cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of each component and the developed spray formulation were examined against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection using Vero E6 cells. Anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and analgesic activities as well as mutagenicity and anti-mutagenicity of the formulation were analysed. Forty-three phenolics were identified in both propolis extract and oral/throat spray. The spray with 1:640-fold dilution provided the highest efficacy and the cytopathic effect was delayed for 54 h at this dilution, and the antiviral activity rate was 85.3%. A combi-nation of natural products with essential oils at the right concentrations can be used as a supplement for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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