A low-power 65-nm CMOS mixer linearized with IM2 injection for V2X applications

In this paper, high linearity, low power down-conversion mixer is presented with a 65-nm CMOS process for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) applications. 5G NR V2X standard has a carrier frequency of 5.9 GHz with 10 and 20 MHz narrow bandwidth options. The mixer design uses a double-balanced topology with a second-order intermodulation injection linearization technique to improve the linearity performance. The charge injection method is also used to decrease the noise figure of the circuit. The designed circuit shows a single sideband integrated noise figure of 16.5 dB with a total conversion gain of 2 dB. The third-order input intercept point is obtained as 19.86 dBm. The design consumes a total current of 6 mA from a 1.2-V supply voltage. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this technique is the first applied to mixer design that has been designed for 5G NR based C-V2X applications in the literature.