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Container Scheduling Under ARINC 653 Scheduler Constraints

2023    Onen, Mehmet Sirin; Yurdakul, Arda

The ARINC 653 standard defines an operating system functional interface for computing systems in avionics. Its partitioning concept offers a specific approach to spatial and temporal separation. Despite its simplicity and low number of context switch counts, the ARINC 653 scheduler is often under-utilized, particularly during IO-intensive partition executions due to blocking operations. Mixed-Criticality Systems (MCS) enable the execution of applications with varying levels of criticality on a shared hardware platform. On the other hand, real-time containers are gaining popularity due to their lightweight structure and spatial isolation, but scheduling them under real-time constraints is still a relatively new area of research. This study combines the ARINC 653 scheduler, real-time containers, and the versatility of mixed-criticality systems. It presents a scheduling approach based on the ARINC 653 scheduling method and suggests using unused CPU cycles through hierarchical scheduling techniques to increase CPU utilization. Additionally, the study proposes container-based isolation as a lightweight alternative to the partitioning approach in ARINC 653 and uses multi-mode tasks to improve the system acts. The experimental results show that rt-containers can be scheduled under ARINC 653 scheduling constraints and improved CPU utilization compared to ARINC 653 Scheduler.