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    "description": "<p>Arthrospira platensis (commonly known as Spirulina) has emerged as a prominent microalga&nbsp;<br>\nwith significant therapeutic and nutritional potential. This review investigates the role and applications of&nbsp;<br>\nA. platensis within family medicine by exploring its nutrient composition, health benefits, clinical&nbsp;<br>\nevidence, and implications for preventive healthcare. A systematic review methodology was utilized,&nbsp;<br>\ndrawing from databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus, with inclusion criteria&nbsp;<br>\nemphasizing peer-reviewed articles from the past ten years. The principal findings indicate substantial&nbsp;<br>\nantioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects, highlighting the microalga&#39;s potential as&nbsp;<br>\na supportive therapeutic agent in managing chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular&nbsp;<br>\ndiseases, diabetes mellitus type 2, and inflammation-related disorders. Challenges related to&nbsp;<br>\nstandardization, clinical validation, and regulatory considerations are identified as critical areas for future&nbsp;<br>\nresearch. Ultimately, integrating A. platensis into family medicine practice could enhance patient<br>\ncentered care through preventive and complementary health strategies.</p>",
    "publication_date": "2025-06-05",
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      {
        "reference": "A. \u00c7elekli and \u00d6. E. Zari\u00e7, \"Breathing life into Mars: Terraforming and the pivotal role of algae in atmospheric genesis,\" Life Sci. Sp. Res., vol. 41, pp. 181\u2013190, May 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.lssr.2024.03.001."
      },
      {
        "reference": "A. \u00c7elekli and \u00d6. E. Zari\u00e7, \"Plasma-Enhanced Microalgal Cultivation: A Sustainable Approach for Biofuel and Biomass Production,\" in Emerging Applications of Plasma Science in Allied Technologies, A. Shahzad and M. He, Eds. IGI Global, 2024, p. 300."
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      {
        "reference": "\u00d6. E. Zari\u00e7, \u0130. Ye\u015filda\u011f, S. Yayg\u0131r, and A. \u00c7elekli, \"Removal of Harmful Dyes Using Some Algae,\" in 3rd International Congress on Plant Biology; Rize, Turkey, Dec. 2022, no. 1st Edition, p. 173. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.8190776."
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      {
        "reference": "A. \u00c7elekli, I. Ye\u015filda\u011f, and \u00d6. E. Zari\u00e7, \"Green building future: Algal application technology,\" J. Sustain. Constr. Mater. Technol., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 199\u2013210, Jun. 2024, doi: 10.47481/jscmt.1348260."
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      {
        "reference": "A. \u00c7elekli, E. \u015eeren, and \u00d6. E. Zari\u00e7, \"Food Waste as a Barrier to Achieving Sustainability,\" 2024."
      },
      {
        "reference": "L. Tomaselli, \"Morphology, ultrastructure and taxonomy of Arthrospira (Spirulina) maxima and Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis,\" in Spirulina Platensis Arthrospira, CRC Press, 1997, pp. 1\u201315."
      },
      {
        "reference": "G. Gentscheva et al., \"Application of Arthrospira platensis for Medicinal Purposes and the Food Industry: A Review of the Literature,\" Life, vol. 13, no. 3, p. 845, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.3390/life13030845."
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        "reference": "B. Marjanovi\u0107 et al., \"Bioactive Compounds from Spirulina spp.\u2014Nutritional Value, Extraction, and Application in Food Industry,\" Separations, vol. 11, no. 9, p. 257, 2024."
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        "reference": "R. Ansari, F. Foroughinia, A. H. Dadbakhsh, F. Afsari, and M. M. Zarshenas, \"An overview of pharmacological and clinical aspects of Spirulina,\" Curr. Drug Discov. Technol., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 74\u201388, 2023."
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      {
        "reference": "S. Sahil, S. Bodh, and P. Verma, \"Spirulina platensis: A comprehensive review of its nutritional value, antioxidant activity and functional food potential,\" J. Cell. Biotechnol., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 1\u201314, 2024, doi: 10.3233/jcb-240151."
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        "reference": "M. R. O. B. da Silva et al., \"Therapeutical Potential and Immunomodulatory Profile of Arthrospira platensis Compounds against Chagas Disease,\" ACS Infect. Dis., vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 1008\u20131017, 2025."
      },
      {
        "reference": "E. Nouri, H. Abbasi, and E. Rahimi, \"Effects of processing on stability of water-and fat-soluble vitamins, pigments (C-phycocyanin, carotenoids, chlorophylls) and colour characteristics of Spirulina platensis,\" Qual. Assur. Saf. Crop. Foods, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 335\u2013349, 2018."
      },
      {
        "reference": "S. Moradi, R. Ziaei, S. Foshati, H. Mohammadi, S. M. Nachvak, and M. H. Rouhani, \"Effects of Spirulina supplementation on obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials,\" Complement. Ther. Med., vol. 47, p. 102211, 2019."
      },
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        "reference": "O. A. ElFar et al., \"Advances in delivery methods of Arthrospira platensis (spirulina) for enhanced therapeutic outcomes,\" Bioengineered, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 14681\u201314718, 2022, doi: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2100863."
      },
      {
        "reference": "P. Han et al., \"Anti-oxidation properties and therapeutic potentials of spirulina,\" Algal Res., vol. 55, p. 102240, 2021."
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      {
        "reference": "P. D. Karkos, S. C. Leong, C. D. Karkos, N. Sivaji, and D. A. Assimakopoulos, \"Spirulina in Clinical Practice: Evidence\u2010Based Human Applications,\" Evidence-Based Complement. Altern. Med., vol. 2011, no. 1, Jan. 2011, doi: 10.1093/ecam/nen058."
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      },
      {
        "reference": "H. Gorjzdadeh, N. Sakhaei, B. Doustshenas, K. Ganemi, and B. Archangi, \"Fatty acid composition of Spirulina sp., Chlorella sp. and Chaetoceros sp. microalgae and introduction as potential new sources to extinct omega 3 and omega 6,\" Iran. South Med. J., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 212\u2013224, 2016."
      },
      {
        "reference": "G. Tang and P. M. Suter, \"Vitamin A, nutrition, and health values of Algae: Spirulina, chlorella, and dunaliella,\" J. Pharm. Nutr. Sci., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 111\u2013118, 2011, doi: 10.6000/1927-5951.2011.01.02.04."
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      {
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      },
      {
        "reference": "A. Nazir, M. un Nisa, M. A. Rahim, I. A. Mohamed Ahmed, and M. O. Aljobair, \"Spirulina Unleashed: A Pancreatic Symphony to Restore Glycemic Balance and Improve Hyperlipidemia and Antioxidant Properties by Transcriptional Modulation of Genes in a Rat Model,\" Foods, vol. 13, no. 21, p. 3512, 2024."
      },
      {
        "reference": "V. Prete, A. C. Abate, P. Di Pietro, M. De Lucia, C. Vecchione, and A. Carrizzo, \"Beneficial effects of spirulina supplementation in the management of cardiovascular diseases,\" Nutrients, vol. 16, no. 5, p. 642, 2024."
      },
      {
        "reference": "E. Hatami et al., \"The effect of spirulina on type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis,\" J. Diabetes Metab. Disord., vol. 20, pp. 883\u2013892, 2021."
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