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Improving topological cluster reconstruction using calorimeter cell timing in ATLAS

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{
  "DOI": "10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-12657-1", 
  "abstract": "<p>Clusters of topologically connected calorimeter cells around cells with large absolute signal-to-noise ratio (topo-clusters) are the basis for calorimeter signal reconstruction in the ATLAS experiment. Topological cell clustering has proven performant in LHC Runs 1 and 2. It is, however, susceptible to out-of-time pile-up of signals from soft collisions outside the 25 ns proton-bunch-crossing window associated with the event's hard collision. To reduce this effect, a calorimeter-cell timing criterion was added to the signal-to-noise ratio requirement in the clustering algorithm. Multiple versions of this criterion were tested by reconstructing hadronic signals in simulated events and Run 2 ATLAS data. The preferred version is found to reduce the out-of-time pile-up jet multiplicity by     $\\sim 50%$   for jet     ${p}_{\\text{T}}\\sim 20$   GeV and by     $\\sim 80%$   for jet     ${p}_{\\text{T}}\\gtrsim 50$   GeV, while not disrupting the reconstruction of hadronic signals of interest, and improving the jet energy resolution by up to 5% for     $20&lt;{p}_{\\text{T}}&lt;30$   GeV. Pile-up is also suppressed for other physics objects based on topo-clusters (electrons, photons,     $\\tau $  -leptons), reducing the overall event size on disk by about     $6%$   in early Run 3 pile-up conditions. Offline reconstruction for Run 3 includes the timing requirement.</p>", 
  "author": [
    {
      "family": "CERN \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi"
    }
  ], 
  "container_title": "European Physical Journal C", 
  "id": "275093", 
  "issue": "5", 
  "issued": {
    "date-parts": [
      [
        2024, 
        5, 
        3
      ]
    ]
  }, 
  "title": "Improving topological cluster reconstruction using calorimeter cell timing in ATLAS", 
  "type": "article-journal", 
  "volume": "84"
}
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