30 Ağustos 2021 Dergi makalesi Açık Erişim

Busra; Belma

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    <subfield code="a">&lt;p&gt;Although COVID-19 affects mainly lungs with a hyperactive and imbalanced immune response, gastrointestinal and&amp;nbsp;neurological symptoms such as diarrhea and neuropathic pains have been described as well in patients with COVID-19. Studies indicate&amp;nbsp;that gut&amp;ndash;lung axis maintains host homeostasis and disease development with the association of immune system, and gut microbiota is&amp;nbsp;involved in the COVID-19 severity in patients with extrapulmonary conditions. Gut microbiota dysbiosis impairs the gut permeability&amp;nbsp;resulting in translocation of gut microbes and their metabolites into the circulatory system and induce systemic inflammation which,&amp;nbsp;in turn, can affect distal organs such as the brain. Moreover, gut microbiota maintains the availability of tryptophan for kynurenine&amp;nbsp;pathway, which is important for both central nervous and gastrointestinal system in regulating inflammation. SARS-CoV-2 infection&amp;nbsp;disturbs the gut microbiota and leads to immune dysfunction with generalized inflammation. It has been known that cytokines&amp;nbsp;and microbial products crossing the blood-brain barrier induce the neuroinflammation, which contributes to the pathophysiology&amp;nbsp;of neurodegenerative diseases including neuropathies. Therefore, we believe that both gut&amp;ndash;lung and gut&amp;ndash;brain axes are involved in&amp;nbsp;COVID-19 severity and extrapulmonary complications. Furthermore, gut microbial dysbiosis could be the reason of the neurologic&amp;nbsp;complications seen in severe COVID-19 patients with the association of dysbiosis-related neuroinflammation. This review will provide&amp;nbsp;valuable insights into the role of gut microbiota dysbiosis and dysbiosis-related inflammation on the neuropathy in COVID-19 patients&amp;nbsp;and the disease severity.&lt;/p&gt;</subfield>
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